16th February, 2024
ANUPA MUKHERJEE
1. Founded around 3200 B.C.E., Persian empires have existed in various forms throughout history, leaving a rich cultural legacy.
Ancient Egyptian civilization emerged around 3100 B.C.E. and was famous for its pharaohs, pyramids, and lasting impact on human history.
Traces its cultural origins to the Hồng Bàng dynasty founded around 2879 B.C.E, maintaining resilience after foreign occupations.
While under the rule of different empires at times, the Kingdom of Armenia was established in 190 B.C.E., and Armenian identity boasts an ancient lineage.
Though dynasties shifted, Chinese civilization emerged around 2070 B.C.E., boasting continuous cultural traditions and a unified writing system for millennia.
While legendary origins extend further back, Japan's first emperor is said to have ruled in 660 B.C.E. its imperial line is the world's oldest continuous monarchy.
Founded as Gojoseon in 2333 B.C.E., Korea underwent historical divisions but maintained a long and distinctive cultural identity.
While various kingdoms existed even earlier, the Kingdom of Aksum emerged as a significant power around 100 C.E., with its influence lasting for centuries.
1. Roots extending back to ancient Greek city-states, the country is the birthplace of Western philosophy, democracy, and the Olympic Games.
This tiny European republic claims to be the world's oldest surviving republic, founded in 301 C.E.